Table 2.
Factors associated with R3clone (5 SNP cut-off, same MDR-resistance SNP).
| Total | R3 clone | Univariate analyses | Multivariable analyses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | ||
| Total | n | 308 | 213 (69·2) | ||
| Sex n = 251 | Male | 151 | 90 (59·6) | reference | reference |
| Female | 100 | 78 (78·0) | 2·4 (1·4-4·2) | 2·6(1.2-5·9) | |
| Unknown | 57 | 57 (18·5) | |||
| Age[years] | <30 | 62 | 46 (74·2) | 2·3 (0·8-6·8) | 1·6 (0·5-5·4) |
| [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44] | 75 | 54 (72·0) | 2·1 (0·7-5·9) | 1·6 (0·5-5·0) | |
| [45–54] | 25 | 18 (72·0) | 2·1 (0·6-7·4) | 1·5 (0·4-6·0) | |
| >54 | 19 | 10 (52·6) | reference | reference | |
| Unknown | 127 | 85 (66·9) | – | ||
| TB treatment history* | New | 80 | 46 (57·5) | reference | |
| Previously treated | 101 | 74 (73·3) | 1·5 (0·8-3·0) | ||
| Unknown | 127 | 93 (73·2) | |||
| HIV | Negative | 86 | 65 (76·5) | reference | |
| Positive | 78 | 50 (64·9) | 0·6(0·3-1·2) | ||
| Unknown | 144 | 98 (68·1) | |||
| Resident in Kigali city | Yes | 83 | 66 (79·5) | 2·1 (1·1-4·2) | 1·8 (0·9-3·6) |
| No | 93 | 60 (64·5) | reference | reference | |
| Unknown | 132 | 87 (65·9) | |||
| Period of RR diagnosis | Period1 (1991–2005) | 96 | 59 (61·5) | reference | reference |
| Period 2 (2006–2013) | 93 | 78 (83·9) | 3·3 (1·6-6·5) | 2·5 (1·1-5·6) | |
| Period 3 (2014–2018) | 119 | 76 (63·9) | 1·1 (0·6-1·9) | 1 |
RR = rifampicin-resistant; MDR = multidrug resistant; SNP = single nucleotide polymorphism, *TB treatment history had collinearity with the period of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis diagnosis, as before 2013, testing for RR-TB was merely undertaken for previously treated patients.