TABLE 2.
Reference | Year | Study Design | Sample Size | Results Related to the Risk of Cholelithiasis | Implications for Practice |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fu et al. | 1997 | A case control study (China) | 66 | Serum apo A 1, C 2, E, and high LDL level, no association with TC, TG, HDL | Recommend lowering of serum LDL, TG, and raising HDL through diet and medications |
Han et al. | 2000 | A case control study (China) | 631 | TC, low LDL, apo B level | Recommended further studies to clarify the serum lipid level in relation to GD in different ethnicity |
Tang et al. | 1996 | A case control study (China) | 109 | Apo A, B, serum insulin level, high HDL, lower LDL | |
Thijs et al. | 1990 | A case control study (Netherlands) | 776 | Low HDL, high TG, but no association with TC | Monitor for elevated cholesterol, LDL, TG, and low HDL after symptoms of GD |
Note. Apo = apolipoprotein; GD = gallstone disease; GS = gallstones; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; TC = total cholesterol; TG = triglycerides.