Table 1.
Comparison of major coronary event rates across secondary prevention trials with statins vs. non-statins
| Statin vs. placebo |
High vs. low intensity statin |
Statin/ ezetimibe vs. statin | Statin/PCSK9 inhibitor vs. statin |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4S | CARE | TNT | IDEAL | PROVE-IT | IMPROVE-IT | FOURIER | ODYSSEY OUTCOMES | |
| Follow-up period (year) | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 2.0 | 7.0 | 2.2 | 2.8 |
| Mean LDL-C differencea (mg/dL) | 65 | 38 | 24 | 21 | 33 | 17 | 56 | 46 d |
| Mean % LDL -C difference | 35% | 28% | 24% | 20% | 35% | 24% | 59% | 48% |
| Absolute reduction in major coronary eventsb (%) | 10% | 3% | 1.6% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.7% | 1.0% c | 1.1% |
| % difference in major coronary events | 33% | 24% | 20% | 11% | 13% | 8% | 18% | 12% |
| % reduction in CV event/40 mg/dL of LDL-C reduction | 20% | 25% | 33% | 21% | 16% | 19% | 13% | 10% |
| Average by category | 23% (statin trials) | 19% (ezetimibe trials) | 12% (PCSK9 trials) | |||||
a
Measures difference in LDL between treatment and placebo arms at follow-up, NOT reduction at follow-up vs. baseline.
b
As directly reported by trial, or if not directly reported, calculated as sum of CHD death and non-fatal MI unless otherwise described.
c
Not directly reported. Calculated retrospectively as sum of (cardiovascular death—stroke death) + (total MI—fatal MI).
d
Averaged from reported values at 4, 12, and 48 months (LDL-C values at other time points not reported).