Table 2. Response, explanatory, and offset variables for spatial modelling of heterogeneity of environmental conditions for WNV distribution.

		Variable	Raw data source	Spatial / time resolution	Reference
Response variables	WNV localization in the environment	Localization of virus detection in the environment	Official Rospotrebnadzor records	1999–2016	-
		Localization of possible human infection		2011	-
Explanatory variables	Natural environment–temperature, vegetation cover, presence of water bodies and topography	LST	Landsat 7 & Landsat 8 https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/.	Images in the thermal spectrum have 60 m (Landsat 7) and 100 m (Landsat 8) cell size. Rasters are resampled to 30 m cell size. Series of satellite images included 21 May– 7 September 2010 & 26 May– 2 September 2011 (19 days)	[53,72]
		NDVI			[52,54]
		NDWI			[78]
		Distance from the water bodies	Open Street Map contributors 2020 https://www.openstreetmap.org/	30 m	[78]
		Elevation	Digital model ALOS DEM https://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/aw3d30/index.htm	30 m	[56]
	Urban environment—–built-up environment and population mobility	Building density	Open Street Map contributors 2020 https://www.openstreetmap.org/	60 m	[56]
		Road density			[79]
		Railway density
Offset variables		Population density	Global High Resolution Population Denominators Project https://www.worldpop.org/geodata/summary?id=49725	30 m	[80]