TABLE 2.
Summary of pooled estimates for mean differences in biomarker concentrations after the Mediterranean diet, DASH diet, and vegetarian/vegan diet
| Diet | Biomarker | Number of studies | Total number of participants | Mean difference (95% CI) | I 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mediterranean | CRP, mg/L | 11 | 1805 | –1.00 (–2.02, 0.01) | 97% |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 8 | 524 | –1.07 (–1.94, –0.20) | 96% | |
| IL-8, pg/mL | 5 | 229 | –1.34 (–2.96, 0.14) | 88% | |
| TNF-α, pg/mL | 4 | 335 | –1.69 (–3.40, 0.02) | 89% | |
| IL-1β, pg/mL | 3 | 178 | –0.46 (–0.66, –0.25) | 0% | |
| E-selectin, ng/mL | 3 | 206 | –2.20 (–7.43, 3.02) | 93% | |
| IFN-γ, pg/mL | 3 | 178 | –1.19 (–2.91, 0.53) | 98% | |
| DASH | CRP, mg/L | 4 | 348 | –0.27 (–0.62, 0.08) | 72% |
| Vegetarian/vegan | CRP, mg/L | 4 | 413 | –0.78 (–1.80, 0.25) | 97% |
CRP, C-reactive protein; DASH; Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.