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. 2021 Aug 24;13(1):193–207. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab096

TABLE 6.

Recommendations for designs of future postprandial studies1

Recommendations
Subject group

  • Adult participants (≥18 y)

  • CVD risk phenotype (e.g., advanced age, obesity, characteristics of metabolic syndrome)
Study design

  • Randomized controlled crossover study

  • Adequate wash-out phase
Behavior before intervention days

  • Avoidance of intense physical activity and alcohol

  • Overnight fasting
Type of meal

  • Breakfast

  • Preparation with natural, commercially available food (e.g., pasta, bread, plant oils, dairy products)

  • Characterized nutrient profile (e.g., energy content, total fat and individual FAs, protein and carbohydrate content)
Fat dose

  • 35–50 g per meal

  • Absolute dosage or relative to the body mass
Meal consumption and postprandial period

  • Consumption of the meal within a standardized time period (e.g., 20 min)

  • Postprandial observation period of 6–8 h

  • Blood collection every 1–1.5 h
Primary parameter of postprandial lipemia

  • iAUC of postprandial TG concentration

  • Analyzed in blood plasma or serum
Examples for additional parameters of postprandial lipemia

  • Maximum TG concentration (Cmax)

  • Time to reach the maximum TG concentration (tmax)

  • TG concentration in TG-rich lipoproteins

  • Analyze of specific lipoprotein subfractions

1CVD, cardiovascular disease; FA, fatty acid; iAUC, incremental AUC.