FIGURE 3.

Gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters in Cleomaceae species. Physiological variables: (A) Ambient CO₂ assimilation rates (A_N) (400 ppm atmospheric [CO₂]). (B) Stomatal conductance (g_s). (C) Dark respiration (R_d). (D) Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi). Metabolic variables: (E) Starch content. (F) Protein content. Anatomical variable: (G) Density of venation. (H) Palisade parenchyma. Letters above individual box-scatter indicate significant groupings according to Tukey’s Test (n = 5). The median is indicated by solid lines in each box; data dispersion is represented by the interquartile range, followed by standard error and outliers. The colored bars as well as the species acronyms are related to the groups observed in Figures 1, 2.