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. 2022 Jan 31;12:1685. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05720-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Aggregated 13S and 13L lower viability of KT-5 astrocytic cells. (a) Viability of KT-5 cells treated with TAMRA, scrambled serine, 13S or 13L (n = 5, each) was tested 4 days after application of peptides. The values relative to that of TAMRA-treated cells are expressed. Error bars represent SE. ANOVA, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. (b,c) Extensive KT-5 cell death by aggregated 13S (b) and 13L (c), as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. The peptides were added in the culture medium of KT-5 cells at a final concentration of 10 µg/ml and were incubated for 1 day at 37 °C. An arrowhead indicate aggregates inside KT-5 cells. Scale bars, 5 µm.