Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Jan 31;12(1):24. doi: 10.1038/s41408-021-00576-3

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 3 — Top panel (CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, MMSET, FGFR3, MAF, MAFB) shows the median-normalized gene expression profiles of important TC class marker genes. For each gene, expression above/below the median level is indicated as red/blue, and the median level is indicated as white. The second panel comprises chr1q21, chr3, chr5, chr6p, chr7, chr9, chr11q, chr15q, chr19, chr21q which displays gain of the respective chromosomal regions. Single copy gain is indicated as red and two or more copy gain is indicated as dark red. The GHR group clearly shows the dominance of non-hyperdiploid cases while the SR and FHR groups show prevalence of hyperdiploid cases. The third panel comprises chr1p, chr13q, chr14q, chr16q, chr17p13, chr22q which exhibits loss of respective chromosomal regions. Single copy loss is indicated as blue and two-copy loss is indicated as dark blue. The GHR group clearly shows the dominance of chr13q deletion, possibly indicating the involvement of RB1. The fourth panel comprises KRAS, NRAS, FAM46C, DIS3, FGFR3, PRKD2, TP53, KIAA1549L, LUZP2, and BMPR1B which shows presence of NS mutations for the respective genes. KRAS, NRAS, FAM46C, and DIS3 are known to be frequently mutated in MM. However, FGFR3, PRKD2, and TP53 genes are found to be mutated specifically in the GHR group, while KIAA1549L, LUZP2, and BMPR1B genes are found to be mutated specifically in the FHR group in this study. The bottom panel comprises CI, CIN70, CINSARC, CINGEC, EMC92, HMCL7, HZDCD, IFM15, PI, PR, UAMS70, and UAMS80 which represents gene expression signatures. Here, patients with top 20% respective indices are marked as high-risk.