Fig. 5. Immune responses in HCWs with minimal serologic response to a standard two-dose vaccination schedule.
a Serum NAbs in HCWs with minimal serologic response to a standard two-dose vaccination schedule were analyzed longitudinally at different time points before and after the third dose (red arrow). b Comparison of NAbs between vaccinees with negative or positive serological responses to a standard two-dose vaccination schedule. c Percentages of spike-specific memory B cells in HCWs with a negative serological response to a standard two-dose vaccination schedule. d–f Numbers of spike- or RBD-specific IgG-producing B cells in HCWs with a negative serological response to a standard two-dose vaccination schedule. g, h Numbers of spike-specific IFNγ-producing T cells as detected by ELISpot in HCWs with a negative serological response to a standard two-dose vaccination schedule. i–k Spike-specific T cells, including CD69+4-1BB+CD8+ T cells, OX40+4-1BB+CD4+ T cells, and CXCR5+OX40+4-1BB+ cTFH in HCWs with a negative serological response to a standard two-dose vaccination schedule. Comparisons were done by Wilcoxon rank-sum test in b and one-way ANOVA corrected for multiple comparisons in the rest panels. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001; ns, not significant.