Effect of CUS and co-treatments on hippocampal (a) BDNF and (b) synapsin-1 contents. Data is expressed as the mean of 7 − 8 experiments ± SEM, using one-way ANOVA with Tukey−Kramer multiple comparison post-test; as compared to normal (*), CUS (@), Escita (&), and Dapa ($)-treated groups (p ˂ 0.05). B BQ-788, BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor, CUS chronic unpredictable stress, Dapa dapagliflozin, Escita escitalopram