Table 2.
Hearing aid studies and indicators
| Study design | Cohort | Cross-sectional | Mixed-methods | Secondary cross-sectional | – | – | – | Total |
| N | 1 | 9 | 1 | 14 | – | – | – | 25 |
| % | 4% | 36% | 4% | 56% | – | – | – | 100% |
| Assessment approaches | Clinical only | Self-report only | Functional only | Clinical and self-report | Clinical and functional | Other combination | Secondary sources (multiple) | |
| N | 2 | 4 | 0 | 14 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 25 |
| % | 8% | 16% | 0% | 56% | 8% | 8% | 4% | 100% |
| Participants (N)* | <500 | 500–999 | 1000–4999 | 5000–9999 | 10 000–24 999 | >25 000 | Not available | |
| N | 3 | 1 | 11 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 25 |
| % | 12% | 4% | 44% | 8% | 12% | 16% | 4% | 100% |
| Age (years) included† | Under 15 | <15 to 85+ | 15 to 85+ | 40 to 85+ | 65 to 85+ | Over 85 | – | |
| N | 1 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 1 | – | 25 |
| % | 4% | 28% | 20% | 28% | 28% | 4% | – | 100% |
| JBI score | <7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | – | – | |
| N | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 13 | – | – | 25 |
| % | 4% | 4% | 20% | 20% | 52% | – | – | 100% |
| Functioning difficulty or impairment definition | Use of AP | Reported activity limitations | Clinical threshold | Combination | – | – | – | |
| N | 3 | 5 | 14 | 3 | – | – | – | 25 |
| % | 12% | 20% | 56% | 12% | – | – | – | 100% |
| WHO Region | AFR | AMR | EMR | EUR | SEAR | WPR | Global | |
| N | 3 | 10 | 1 | 8 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 34 |
| % | 9% | 29% | 3% | 24% | 9% | 24% | 3% | 100% |
| AP access indicator | Total need | Met need | Unmet need | Undermet need | Coverage | Use | Has AP | |
| N | 7 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 26 | 9 | 62 |
| % | 11% | 2% | 27% | 0% | 3% | 42% | 15% | 100% |
| Indicator denominator | Total with/using AP | Total with need | Total with functioning difficulty | Total participants | Total population | – | – | |
| N | 1 | 20 | 15 | 24 | 2 | – | – | 62 |
| % | 2% | 32% | 24% | 39% | 3% | – | – | 100% |
*Participants (N) ranged from 379 to 4 55 200 for this domain.
†Age group boundaries varied considerably by study; studies are sorted into categories that most closely represent their included age boundaries.
AFR, African Region; AMR, Region of the Americas; AP, assistive product; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean Region; EUR, European Region; JBI, Joanna Briggs Institute; SEAR, Southeast Asian Region; WPR, Western Pacific Region.