Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the population based on platform usage (N=77)a.
| Characteristics | Used web platform (n=33) | Did not use web platform (n=44) | P valueb | |||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 48 (12.0) | 48.4 (10.8) | .89 | |||||
| Male, n (%) | 12 (36.3) | 12 (27.2) | .39 | |||||
| Education attainment, n (%) | .006 | |||||||
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Elementary school diploma | 0 (0) | 4 (9) |
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Junior high school diploma | 0 (0) | 7 (15.9) |
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High school diploma | 4 (12.1) | 13 (29.5) |
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Technical degree | 2 (6) | 1 (2.2) |
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Bachelors’ degree | 22 (66.6) | 15 (34) |
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Graduate school degree | 5 (15.1) | 4 (4) |
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| Treatment, n (%) | .18 | |||||||
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Lifestyle modification | 6 (48.4) | 28 (63.6) |
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Lifestyle modification +metformin | 17 (51.5) | 16 (36.3) |
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| Fasting glucose (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 94.6 (9.0) | 99 (9.6) | .05 | |||||
| Glucose at 2 hours (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 125.2 (28.1) | 130 (24.9) | .44 | |||||
| HbA1cc (%), mean (SD) | 5.8 (0.3) | 5.9 (0.2) | .52 | |||||
| HOMAd, mean (SD) | 1.7 (0.9) | 2.0 (1.3) | .22 | |||||
| OGISe, mean (SD) | 406 (86.1) | 403 (70.1) | .87 | |||||
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 81.4 (16.5) | 78.5 (13.7) | .40 | |||||
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 30.8 (16.5) | 30.6 (4.2) | .87 | |||||
| Waist circumference (cm), mean (SD) | 98.6 (12.3) | 99.2 (11.8) | .84 | |||||
| WHRf, mean (SD) | 0.91 (0.7) | 0.92 (0.0) | .68 | |||||
| Body fat (%), mean (SD) | 32.5 (7.1) | 40.7 (6.9) | .44 | |||||
| Free-fat mass index, mean (SD) | 17.2 (2.2) | 16.8 (1.8) | .41 | |||||
| VATg (g), mean (SD) | 1269 (609) | 1183.6 (381) | .48 | |||||
| Daily caloric intake (kcal), mean (SD) | 1228 (1313) | 2031 (1129) | .89 | |||||
| Daily caloric protein intake (%), mean (SD) | 18.2 (4.1) | 16.3 (7.5) | .21 | |||||
| Daily lipid intake (%), mean (SD) | 31.2 (10.3) | 31.4 (12) | .97 | |||||
| Carbohydrate consumption (%), mean (SD) | 51.7 (12.9) | 50.9 (11.9) | .99 | |||||
| Sugar consumption (g), mean (SD) | 65.1 (42.3) | 55.6 (40.8) | .32 | |||||
| Fiber consumption (g), mean (SD) | 16.7 (14.7) | 17.5 (17.6) | .75 | |||||
| Sleep (hours), mean (SD) | 6.3 (0.9) | 6.5 (1.1) | .39 | |||||
aVariables are presented as means and SDs or medians and IQRs according to their distribution.
bP values were calculated from Student t or Mann-Whitney U tests according to the distribution.
cHbA1c: glycated hemoglobin A1c.
dHOMA: homeostasis model assessment.
eOGIS: oral glucose insulin sensitivity index.
fWHR: waist-hip ratio.
gVAT: visceral adipose tissue.