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. 2022 Jan 17;8(1):e32818. doi: 10.2196/32818

Table 2.

Social determinants of health screening, community health worker referrals, and success in obtaining needed social service resources.

Patient characteristics Completed screening
(n=45)


No social needs identified (not referred; n=25)a Community health worker referral consultations (n=16)b,c



Successful in obtaining social service resources
(n=8)
Unsuccessful in obtaining social service resources
(n=8)
Age (years), mean (SD)

60 (5.7) 60 (5.1) 58 (6.5) 54.5 (6.6)
Sex, n (%)

Male 19 (42) 13 (52) 2 (25) 1 (13)

Female 26 (58) 12 (48) 6 (75) 7 (88)
Race and ethnicity, n (%)

Hispanic 21 (47) 8 (32) 5 (63) 6 (75)

Non-Hispanic Black 16 (36) 12 (48) 1 (3) 2 (25)

Non-Hispanic White 2 (4) 1 (4) 1 (3) 0 (0)

Non-Hispanic 1 (2) 0 (0) 1 (3) 0 (0)

Asian or Pacific Islander 1 (2) 1 (4) 0 (0) 0 (0)

Other or unknown 4 (9) 3 (12) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Preferred spoken language, n (%)

English 34 (69) 21 (84) 4 (50) 5 (62)

Spanish 14 (31) 4 (16) 4 (50) 3 (38)

aPatients who responded to all of the social needs questions were not referred to the community health worker.

bA total of 3 patients were lost to follow-up or did not report having social needs during the community health worker assessment; therefore, they were not included in the analysis.

cOne patient expressed concerns regarding personal safety, was referred to the social worker rather than the community health worker, and was excluded from the analysis.