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. 2021 Dec 16:1–12. doi: 10.1159/000520221

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Copyright © 2021 by S. Karger AG, Basel

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes requires written permission. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

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Fig. 3 — Trends in % positivity of RAAS components and SARS-CoV-2 entry factors in lethal COVID-19 cases, grouped by intake of RAASi. A lower incidence of endothelial positivity of AGTR2, ACE2, and MasR is noted in cases with RAASi-intake. Conversely, ALV positivity is higher for ACE2 and MasR amongst cases with RAASi-intake. *indicates p values <0.05. Viral load is mapped as per 10⁶ RPPH1 copies. ALV, alveolar pneumocyte; DES, desquamated cell; END, endothelium; RAASi, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2; AGTR1, angiotensin receptor 1; AGTR2, angiotensin receptor 2; ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme-2; MasR, Mas-receptor; TMPRSS2, transmembrane protease serine subtype 2; RPPH1, RNase P-gene.