Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted differences in peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) measures between children living with HIV (CLWH) and controls, stratified by sex

	Boys				Girls
Measurement, Mean (SD)	Unadjusted Estimate (SE)	P	*Adjusted Estimate (SE)	P	Unadjusted Estimate (SE)	P	*Adjusted Estimate (SE)	P
Radius 4%
Total area (mm2)	−36.1 (9.2)	<0.001	−25.1 (8.1)	0.002	−37.6 (10.6)	<0.001	−18.8 (8.7)	0.034
Total vBMD (mg/cm3)	4.9 (6.2)	0.43	2.5 (6.3)	0.69	23.0 (6.8)	0.001	19.7 (7.1)	0.007
Trabecular area (mm2)	−16.2 (4.1)	0.0001	−11.3 (3.6)	0.002	−16.9 (4.7)	0.0005	−8.5 (3.9)	0.0336
Trabecular vBMD (mg/cm3)	−14.3 (7.1)	0.045	−17.3 (7.2)	0.018	9.2 (6.8)	0.18	7.2 (7.1)	0.32
Tibia 4%
Total area (mm2)	−114.7 (24.2)	<0.001	−71.5 (17.4)	<0.001	−107.8 (23.7)	<0.001	−54.9 (17.9)	0.003
Total vBMD (mg/cm3)	−2.01 (6.3)	0.75	−3.15 (6.5)	0.63	18.3 (7.3)	0.014	14.6 (7.5)	0.055
Trabecular area (mm2)	−51.6 (10.9)	<0.001	−32.2 (7.9)	<0.001	−48.1 (10.7)	<0.001	−24.7 (8.1)	0.003
Trabecular vBMD (mg/cm3)	−6.01 (8.2)	0.47	−7.2 (8.5)	0.40	16.3 (9.5)	0.09	10.1 (9.8)	0.31
Tibia 38%
Total area (mm2)	−48.5 (10.1)	<0.001	−30.1 (6.4)	<0.001	−34.8 (10.0)	<0.001	−11.7 (6.9)	0.09
Cortical area (mm2)	−30.5 (6.5)	<0.001	−18.2 (3.9)	<0.001	−23.2 (6.2)	<0.001	−8.4 (3.9)	0.033
Cortical vBMD (mg/cm3)	5.8 (6.3)	0.36	6.5 (6.6)	0.33	14.2 (8.1)	0.08	17.1 (8.2)	0.038
Cortical thickness (mm)	−0.29 (0.10)	0.003	−0.15 (0.08)	0.056	−0.29 (0.10)	0.004	−0.11 (0.08)	0.13
Endosteal circumference (mm)	−2.94 (0.90)	0.001	−1.92 (0.82)	0.02	−1.74 (0.93)	0.06	−0.40 (0.85)	0.64
Periosteal circumference (mm)	−4.97 (1.03)	<0.001	−3.06 (0.67)	<0.001	−3.54 (1.05)	0.001	−1.11 (0.72)	0.13
Polar strength strain index (mm3)**			−153.9 (30.2)	<0.001			−71.8 (36.2)	0.0496

^*Adjusted for age, radial/tibial length, and Tanner stage

^**Adjusted for age and Tanner stage