MR analysis of association between expression of Pol I–specific subunits and longevity. (A) Levels of mRNA coding for Pol I–specific subunits in the indicated tissues are shown. (B) MR analysis was performed using Pol I–specific subunit expression in the indicated tissues as exposures and longevity (survival beyond the 90th or 99th percentile) as outcomes. The values of β are given per tissue and the significant associations indicated as those that pass the 10% FDR threshold (accounting for eight tissues and two outcomes, i.e., 16 tests). (C) MR scatter plot of association between Pol I expression in skeletal muscle and longevity (99th percentile), showing results of two MR methods. Each black point denotes a cis-eQTL; green bars show SEM. Longevity β is the natural log of the odds ratio, where lower values indicate a lower chance of surviving beyond the 99th percentile. Expression β is reported as NESs, with larger values indicating higher expression, and refers to expression of multiple genes.