Table 1.
Constituent except for VFAs and their applications of anaerobic digestion effluent
| Application | Characteristics | Substrates | Pretreatment or rules | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorella sp. cultivation | pH 6.8–7.0 COD 920–7800 mg/L TAN 40–160 mg/L TP 29–74 mg/L C/N 7.2–12.9 |
Dairy wastewater, Municipal wastewater sludge, Maize silage, Cattle manure, Food waste |
Gravity sedimentation, 0.1-mm nylon mesh and diluted to the desired ammonium concentration | [257–259] |
| Bio-fertilizer (solid digestate) |
TAN 1.1–4.3 g/kg (DM) NH4+-N 0.7–2.7 g/kg (DM) TP 0.2–1.2 g/kg (DM) TK 0.2–4.2 g/L Zn 35–423 mg/kg (DM) Cu 4.5–364 mg/kg (DM) Ni 2.1–7.8 mg/kg (DM) |
Dairy/pig/poultry slurry, Dairy wastes, Maize silage, Grass silage |
Max 170 kgN/ha/year, storage for 3–20 months | [226,260,261] |
| Wetlands plants and algae (liquid digestate) |
BOD5 ~ 240 mg/L TSS ~280 mg/L |
Wastewater from membrane reactors with low loading rates | Lowered the concentrations of COD (89%) and turbidity (99%), high removal rates of BOD (96–100%), COD (69–73%), PO4-P (48%), NH4+-N (99%) and inorganic N (64%) |
[228,245] |