Table 3.
Moderating effects for the association between financial worries and psychological distress, 2018 National Health Interview Survey (n = 22,682)
| Psychological distress | Wald tests of moderating effects | |
|---|---|---|
| β (SE) | ||
| Gender (ref: male) | ||
| Female x Financial worries | 0.015 | F (1, 485) = 1.44 (p = 0.2302) |
| (0.012) | ||
| Marital status (ref: separated, divorced, widowed, or never married) | ||
| Married or cohabiting x Financial worries | − 0.070*** | F (1, 485) = 32.43 (p = 0.000) |
| (0.012) | ||
| Education (ref: Lower education) | ||
| Higher education x Financial worries | − 0.014 | F (1, 485) = 1.16 (p = 0.2828) |
| (0.013) | ||
| Employment status (ref: Unemployed) | ||
| Employed x Financial worries | − 0.125*** | F (2, 484) = 29.66 (p = 0.000) |
| (0.017) | ||
| Retired x Financial worries | − 0.133*** | |
| (0.021) | ||
| Household income (ref: $100,000 and over) | ||
| $0–34,999 × Financial worries | 0.124*** | F (3, 483) = 22.51 (p = 0.000) |
| (0.016) | ||
| $35,000–74,999 × Financial worries | 0.069*** | |
| (0.017) | ||
| $75,000–99,999 × Financial worries | 0.017 | |
| (0.020) | ||
| Homeownership (ref: Renters or others) | ||
| Homeowners x Financial worries | − 0.057*** | F (1, 485) = 17.94 (p = 0.000) |
| (0.013) |
Model controlled for age, gender, race, marital status, number of children in household, region of residence, education, employment status, household income, homeownership, self-reported health, insurance coverage, number of chronic conditions. Sampling weights were applied to derive nationally representative estimates accounting for the complex sample design. Estimates of Wald tests are F-test statistic and associated p-values. The other coefficients are available upon request
SE = standard errors
***p < .001