. 2022 Feb 1;33(1):1–22. doi: 10.1007/s13337-022-00755-1

Table 3.

Potential COVID-19 vaccines are currently at phase 3 trial until 13 August 2021

Candidate Vaccine Name	Developer	Trials Registration No	Vaccine Platform	Target antigen and expected immunogenicity	Doses	Trial country and enrollment	Estimated completion date	References
ZyCoV-D	Zydus Cadila	CTRI/2021/01/030416	DNA	Spike protein	0.2 ml (0.1 ml in each-arms); intradermal; 4 weeks apart	India, 28,216		[21]
AG0302-COVID19	AnGes, Inc	NCT04655625	DNA	Spike protein, humoral	2 doses, (2 mg); intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	Japan, 500	31 March 2022	[22]
INO-4800	Inovio Pharmaceuticals	NCT04642638	DNA	Spike protein, both humoral and cell mediate	2 doses (1 mg); intradermal; 4 weeks apart	USA, 6,578	September, 2022	[135]
CVnCoV	CureVac AG	NCT04838847, 2020–003,998-22, NCT04848467, NCT04860258, NCT04652102, EUCTR2020-004,066–19, NCT04674189	RNA	Spike protein, both humoral and cell mediate	2 doses; intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	Multiple countries of Europe and Latin America, around 40,000	Varies with countries	[35]
Walvax: mRNA	Walvax Biotechnology Co., Ltd	NCT04847102	RNA	Spike protein-RBD, both humoral and cell mediate	2 doses (0.5 ml); intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	28,000	30 May 2023	[23]
BNT162b1	BioNTech SE	NCT04368728	RNA	Booster dose, followed by 2 doses of BNT162b2	2 doses (30 µg); Intramuscular	Argentina, Brazil, Germany, South Africa, Turkey, United States of America 43,998	2 May 2023	[87]
mRNA-1273.211	ModernaTX, Inc	NCT04927065	RNA	Booster dose, followed by 2 doses of mRNA-1273	1 booster dose (50 µg); Intramuscular	USA, 896	5 July 2022	[24]
FINLAY-FR-1A (Soberna 01)	Instituto Finlay de Vacunas Cuba	IFV/COR/09	Protein subunit	Recombinant dimeric RBD, humoral	2 doses	Cuba, 44,010		[36]
Sanofi/ GSK	Sanofi Pasteur	PACTR202011523101903	Recombinant protein	Spike protein, humoral	2 doses (0.5 ml); 3 weeks apart	Kenya, 34,520	30 April 2022	[95]
NVX-CoV2373	Novavax	EUCTR2020-004,123–16 NCT04583995, NCT04611802	Recombinant protein	Spike protein, both humoral and cell mediate	2 doses (0.5 ml); intramuscular; 3 weeks apart	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 15,000; and Mexico, Puerto Rico, and United States of America, 30,000	14 January 2022	[25, 43]
SCB-2019	Clover Biopharmaceuticals AUS Pty Ltd	NCT04672395, PHRR210209-003,334	Protein subunit	Spike protein, both humoral and cell-mediated	2 doses; intramuscular; 3 weeks apart	Belgium, Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Germany, Nepal, Panama, Philippines, Poland, 22,000; and Philippines 7,700	July, 2022	[26]
UB-612	Vaxxinity, Inc	NCT04683224	Protein subunit	Spike protein-RBD, both humoral and cell mediate	2 doses (100 µg); intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	7,320	22 March 2023	[27]
FINLAY-FR-2 (Soberana 02)	Cuba’s Finlay Vaccine Institute	IFV/COR/09	Protein subunit	RBD-tetanus toxoid	2 doses (0.5 ml); intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	Cuba, 44,010		[37]
Nanocovax	Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology	NCT04922788	Protein subunit	Spike protein, both humoral and cell mediate	2 doses (25 µg); intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	Viet Nam, 13,000	7 August, 2022	[20]
COVOVAX	Serum Institute of India	CTRI/2021/02/031554	Recombinant protein subunit	Spike protein, humoral	2 doses (0.5 ml); intramuscular; 3 weeks apart	India, 1600		[28]
Recombinant (Sf9 cell)	WestVac Biopharma Co., Ltd	NCT04887207 NCT04904471	Recombinant protein subunit	Spike protein, both humoral and cell mediate	3 doses. intramuscular; 3 weeks apart	40,000	31 December 2022	[29, 78]
Plant-based VLP	Medicago	NCT04636697	Virus like particle (VLP)	Spike protein, both humoral and cell mediate	2 doses; intramuscular; 3 weeks apart	Canada, United States of America, 30,918	30 April 2022	[61]
GRAd-COV2	ReiThera Srl	EUCTR2020-005,915–39, NCT04791423	Non-replicating viral vector	Spike protein, humoral	2 doses; intramuscular; 3 weeks apart	Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Czechia, France, Germany, Indonesia, Italy, Malaysia, Poland, South Africa, 10,000, Italy,10,300	30 April 2022	[38]
AZD2816	AstraZeneca	NCT04973449	Non-replicating viral vector	A booster dose, followed by 2 doses of AZD1222	1 booster dose (5 × 10¹⁰ viral particles); intramuscular	Brazil, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 2475	15 June 2022	[6]
Inactivated (Vero cells)	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	NCT04659239	Inactivated SARS-CoV-2	Whole virus, humoral	2 doses (0.5 ml); 2 weeks apart	Brazil, Malaysia, 34,020	July, 2022	[62]
ERUCOV-VAC	Health Institutes of Turkey	NCT04942405	Inactivated SARS-CoV-2	Humoral and Cell mediated	2 doses (0.5 ml); intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	Turkey 40,800	31 March 2023	[30]
Valneva: VLA2001	Valneva Austria GmbH	NCT04864561	Inactivated SARS-CoV-2	Whole virus, humoral	2 doses; intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 4,000	30 June 2022	[31]
Valneva: VLA2101	Valneva Austria GmbH	NCT04956224	Inactivated SARS-CoV-2	Whole virus, cell mediate	2 doses; intramuscular; 4 weeks apart	750	October, 2022	[32]