Table 1. Participant characteristics (n = 325).
| Characteristic | Control arm |
Pictorial warnings arm | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | |
| Age, in years | ||||
| 18–29 | 24 | 15% | 21 | 13% |
| 30–39 | 65 | 40% | 74 | 45% |
| 40–49 | 53 | 33% | 54 | 33% |
| 50+ | 20 | 12% | 14 | 9% |
| Mean (SD) | 38.9 | 8.3 | 37.8 | 7.8 |
| Gender | ||||
| Man | 41 | 25% | 32 | 20% |
| Woman | 120 | 74% | 130 | 80% |
| Another gender identity | 1 | 1% | 1 | 1% |
| Sexual orientation | ||||
| Straight or heterosexual | 148 | 94% | 145 | 90% |
| Gay, lesbian, bisexual, or homosexual | 6 | 4% | 14 | 9% |
| Another sexual orientation | 4 | 3% | 3 | 2% |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 72 | 46% | 70 | 44% |
| Hispanic white | 9 | 6% | 10 | 6% |
| Hispanic, no race reported | 14 | 9% | 15 | 9% |
| Hispanic, other race(s) | 8 | 5% | 9 | 6% |
| Non-Hispanic Black or African American | 46 | 29% | 34 | 21% |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 6 | 4% | 7 | 4% |
| Non-Hispanic, more than 1 race | 3 | 2% | 13 | 8% |
| Non-Hispanic, other race | 0 | 0% | 2 | 1% |
| Educational attainment | ||||
| Less than high school diploma or GED | 11 | 7% | 15 | 9% |
| High school diploma or GED | 55 | 35% | 55 | 34% |
| Four-year college degree | 42 | 27% | 46 | 29% |
| Master’s degree, graduate degree, or more | 47 | 30% | 44 | 28% |
| Annual household income | ||||
| $0–$24,999 | 49 | 30% | 50 | 32% |
| $25,000–$49,999 | 39 | 24% | 41 | 26% |
| $50,000–$74,999 | 16 | 10% | 18 | 11% |
| $75,000+ | 58 | 36% | 49 | 31% |
| Number of people in household, mean (SD) | 3.6 | 1.2 | 3.6 | 1.3 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||
| <18.5 | 6 | 4% | 4 | 3% |
| 18.5 to <25 | 43 | 29% | 43 | 28% |
| 25 to <30 | 43 | 29% | 45 | 30% |
| ≥30 | 57 | 38% | 60 | 39% |
| Mean (SD) | 29.7 | 9.9 | 29.3 | 8.0 |
| Nutrition Facts Panel use | ||||
| Never or rarely | 26 | 16% | 25 | 16% |
| Sometimes | 46 | 29% | 49 | 30% |
| Often or all the time | 89 | 55% | 87 | 54% |
| Frequency of needing help reading medical information | ||||
| Never | 130 | 81% | 132 | 81% |
| Sometimes | 23 | 14% | 18 | 11% |
| Often/Always | 7 | 4% | 12 | 7% |
| Language of survey administration | ||||
| English | 142 | 88% | 140 | 86% |
| Spanish | 20 | 12% | 23 | 14% |
| Reads and speaks. . . | ||||
| Mostly or only English | 132 | 81% | 130 | 80% |
| Spanish and English equally | 10 | 6% | 14 | 9% |
| Mostly or only Spanish | 20 | 12% | 19 | 12% |
| Age of child the parent shopped for, in years | ||||
| 2–5 | 61 | 38% | 63 | 39% |
| 6–12 | 101 | 62% | 100 | 61% |
| Mean (SD) | 7.3 | 3.4 | 7.1 | 3.3 |
| Gender of child the parent shopped for | ||||
| Boy | 72 | 44% | 75 | 46% |
| Girl | 88 | 54% | 88 | 54% |
| Another gender identity | 2 | 1% | ||
| Child consumed sugary drink 1/wk or more over past 30 days (not mutually exclusive) | ||||
| Soda | 68 | 42% | 58 | 36% |
| Sports drinks | 50 | 31% | 50 | 31% |
| Flavored water | 43 | 27% | 38 | 24% |
| Fruit drink | 102 | 64% | 95 | 59% |
| Flavored milk | 102 | 65% | 98 | 61% |
| Sweetened coffee or tea | 41 | 26% | 35 | 22% |
| Time of participation | ||||
| Pre-COVID-19 pandemic | 64 | 40% | 65 | 40% |
| During COVID-19 pandemic | 98 | 60% | 98 | 60% |
GED, General Educational Diploma; SD, standard deviation.
Missing demographic data ranged from 0% to 7%.