Table 4.
Comparison of podocyte mean nuclear caliper diameters and CF values extracted from ground-truth podocytes from IF/IHC images and podocyte nuclei extracted by the deep learning networks from PAS images
| Species | Disease State | Ground-Truth on the Basis of Manual Counts from IF/IHC Images | On the Basis of CNN Predictions from PAS Images | On the Basis of pix2pix Predictions from PAS Images | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DIF/IHC (µm) | CF IF/IHC | PDIF/IHC (n/104 µm3) | DCNN (µm) | CF CNN | PDCNN (n/104 µm3) | Dpix2pix (µm) | CF pix2pix | PDpix2pix (n/104 µm3) | ||
| Mouse | Control | 6.43 | 0.32 | 2.42 | 6.84 | 0.30 | 3.24 | 8.19 | 0.27 | 1.81 |
| Mouse | NTN | 7.08 | 0.30 | 1.47 | 6.19 | 0.33 | 1.93 | 8.12 | 0.27 | 1.06 |
| Rat | Control | 7.95 | 0.20 | 0.97 | 7.17 | 0.22 | 1.37 | 7.96 | 0.20 | 0.95 |
| Rat | PAN | 8.37 | 0.19 | 0.98 | 7.20 | 0.22 | 1.43 | 7.47 | 0.21 | 0.95 |
| Human | Biopsy | 7.96 | 0.20 | 1.84 | 8.25 | 0.20 | 2.05 | 9.25 | 0.18 | 1.72 |
| Human | Autopsy | 9.64 | 0.29 | 0.56 | 10.12 | 0.28 | 0.60 | 11.53 | 0.26 | 0.47 |
The absolute error in CF values on the basis of true nuclear D extracted from PAS and IF/IHC images are shown. The results indicate that both networks generate podocyte volume densities that are similar to the ground-truth. PD, podocyte volume density; NTN, nephrotoxic nephritis.