TABLE 1.

Antimicrobial activity of metallic nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria and fungi by disc diffusion assay ^a

Microorganisms	Zone of inhibition (mm)
	AgNPs (µg/ml)		CuNPs (µg/ml)		ZnONPs (µg/ml)		Streptomycin sulphate (µg/ml)		Fluconazole (µg/ml)
	50	100	50	100	50	100	50	100	50	100
Escherichia coli	34.0 ± 1.0	42.1 ± 2.8	23.0 ± 2.6	37.1 ± 1.2	32.0 ± 1.1	44.1 ± 2.7	26.3 ± 1.5	34.2 ± 1.7	ND	ND
Bacillus subtilis	21.1 ± 1.5	29.4 ± 2.6	18.0 ± 1.2	27.1 ± 0.7	21.0 ± 0.5	30.5 ± 0.9	19.5 ± 1.7	30.2 ± 1.1	ND	ND
Proteus vulgaris	22.2 ± 0.5	32.1 ± 1.5	24.0 ± 0.7	30.2 ± 1.3	19.3 ± 0.8	31.5 ± 1.0	26.1 ± 0.8	44.2 ± 1.5	ND	ND
Staphylococcus aureus	27.1 ± 0.9	30.3 ± 1.7	26.1 ± 0.7	33.0 ± 1.0	18.1 ± 0.8	28.0 ± 0.8	24.0 ± 1.6	35.1 ± 1.6	ND	ND
Candida albicans	19.0 ± 0.6	25.1 ± 0.8	16.2 ± 1.2	21.0 ± 1.3	13.4 ± 1.0	20.1 ± 0.7	ND	ND	18.0 ± 2.9	27.2 ± 2.7
Candida tropicalis	26.1 ± 0.3	30.2 ± 1.3	23.2 ± 1.1	31.1 ± 0.9	16.2 ± 0.7	25.3 ± 0.9	ND	ND	25.0 ± 1.7	30.1 ± 1.8
Fusarium oxysporum	22.2 ± 1.6	31.0 ± 1.4	17.0 ± 1.0	24.1 ± 0.2	23.1 ± 1.2	33.0 ± 0.4	ND	ND	16.0 ± 0.5	26.2 ± 7
Aspergillus niger	25.1 ± 1.4	30.0 ± 0.9	15.1 ± 1.6	22.1 ± 1.1	22.0 ± 2.5	30.0 ± 2.5	ND	ND	17.1 ± 0.8	24.1 ± 0.7

Abbreviations: ND, not determined.

^a AuNPs did not show any obvious antimicrobial activity against tested fungi and bacteria.