Table 6.
Selected results of general attitudes about gambling and sports betting with focus on the number of non-sport and sport bets per year as explanatory variables
| Variables | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number non-sports bets/year | − 0.144*** | − 0.138*** | − 0.130*** | − 0.089*** | 0.067*** |
| (100’s) | (0.014) | (0.014) | (0.014) | (0.014) | (0.014) |
| Number sports bets/year | − 0.298*** | − 0.262*** | − 0.236*** | − 0.152*** | 0.159*** |
| (100’s) | (0.017) | (0.017) | (0.017) | (0.017) | (0.017) |
| Female | 0.109*** | 0.018 | 0.058*** | − 0.059*** | − 0.140*** |
| (0.018) | (0.019) | (0.019) | (0.019) | (0.019) | |
| Age | 0.009*** | − 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.001 | − 0.000 |
| (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
| Regional | − 0.024 | − 0.068*** | − 0.042** | − 0.090*** | 0.029 |
| (0.019) | (0.019) | (0.019) | (0.019) | (0.019) | |
| Highest education (base category—less than high school) | |||||
| Completed high school | 0.015 | − 0.001 | − 0.025 | − 0.033 | − 0.024 |
| (0.031) | (0.032) | (0.032) | (0.032) | (0.032) | |
| TAFE or trade certificate | 0.107*** | 0.070** | 0.054* | 0.058* | − 0.094*** |
| (0.029) | (0.029) | (0.029) | (0.030) | (0.029) | |
| University | 0.207*** | 0.161*** | 0.132*** | 0.169*** | − 0.203*** |
| (0.026) | (0.027) | (0.027) | (0.027) | (0.027) | |
| Observations | 14,293 | 14,293 | 14,293 | 14,293 | 14,293 |
| R-squared | 0.069 | 0.037 | 0.032 | 0.023 | 0.027 |
|
LR test of age gender interaction (p value) |
0.152 | 0.879 | 0.082 | 0.025 | 0.385 |
Dependant variable modelled in each column is response to the respectively labelled statement below. Responses to each question are standardised to have a mean of zero and standard deviation of one. Age is included as a third order polynomial with average marginal effects presented. P-value of likelihood ratio (LR) test of interaction between age and gender presented in last row with interaction included if p-value < 0.05. Standard errors in parentheses. Level of statistical significance denoted by *(10%), **(5%) and ***(1%). All models also include controls for marital status, being a parent, employment status, income bands, country of birth, parent’s country of birth, ATSI and health condition or disability over past 6 months—full results available in Supplementary Materials
(1): Sports betting should not be part of experiencing sport
(2): People who bet regularly on sport are at risk of harm from gambling
(3): Sports betting can place people at higher risk of relationship problems, mental health and wellbeing issues and money worries
(4): Regular discussion of the ‘odds’ when talking about sport can lead to gambling problems in individuals
(5): It’s easy for people with sports betting issues to stop gambling