Table 3.

Summary of currently approved targeted therapy for lung cancer and associated side effects

Drug class/target	Drug names	Common side effects
Epidermal growth factor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI)	Osimertinib Erlotinib Afatinib Gefitinib	Diarrhoea Rash (may be acneiform) Stomatitis/mucositis Paronychia
Epidermal growth factor (EGFR) inhibitors (T790M gene mutation positive)	Osimertinib	Diarrhoea Rash (may be acneiform) Stomatitis/mucositis Paronychia
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors	Alectinib Brigatinib Ceritinib Crizotinib	Nausea and vomiting Diarrhoea/constipation Fatigue Change in vision
ROS1 (c-ros oncogene 1) inhibitor	Entrectinib Crizotinib	Dizziness Diarrhoea/constipation Fatigue Change in vision
KRAS mutation (KRAS G12C protein inhibitor)	Sotorasib	Diarrhoea Joint and muscle pain Nausea
Immune checkpoint inhibition: programmed death-1 and programmed death-ligand 1 antibodies	Nivolumab Atezolizumab Pembrolizumab Durvalumab	See Fig 2