Table 2.

Related works in emotional design

Authors	Design elements	Applications
Nezlek et al. [50]	Text (words)	To study whether people can generate emotions through emotional words (for example: anger, joy, love)
Dalacosta et al. [13]	Cartoonization (e.g. exaggerated, funny style); personification (e.g. human features and limbs)	Using cartoon characters to make scientific animations for pupils aged 10–11 to learn. The conclusions confirmed that cartoons and anthropomorphic characters greatly increase the effectiveness of learning
Kumar et al. [35]	Text (e.g. text size and text color); Interface color matching (e.g. warm tones, grayscale tones and dark tones)	The multimedia learning environment is designed with emotions to try to induce the user’s emotions and affect the learning effect
Uzun et al. [71]	Hue (e.g. grayscale, full color); personification (e.g. human features); give the character emotion; with sound effects	Scholars divide learning materials into four categories: color tone, personification, whether to give emotion, and whether to cooperate with actual sound effects for the study of learning effectiveness. The conclusion is that full-color learning is more effective than grayscale, but full-color textbooks with mood, personification, and appropriate sound effects are better