Table 6.

Explanatory variables used in the regression analysis

Variable	Description	Expected signs
Age	Age of household head in years	+
Education	Numbers of schooling years of household head	+
Gender	Gender of household head (1 = male, 0 = female)	+
Household size	Number of household members	−
Extra income	Off-farm/non-farm income (1 if yes, 0 if no)	+
Livestock diversity	Number of animal species raised by the household	+
Location	Household location (Lioma = 1; Mepuagiua = 0)	±
Farm size	Farm size in hectares	+
Land quality	Perception of having good land fertility (good = 1; bad = 0)	+
Crop diversity	Number of crop species produced by the household	+
Maize	Maize production (1 if yes, 0 if no)	+
Sorghum	Sorghum production (1 if yes, 0 if no)	+
Rice	Rice production (1 if yes, 0 if no)	+
Cassava	Cassava production (1 if yes, 0 if no)	+
Cash cropsa	Soybean and/or Tobacco production (1 if yes, 0 if no)	+
Season	Period of data collection (1 = harvest season, 0 = pre-harvest season)	+

^aSoybean and tobacco are the major cash crops in the study area