Table 3.

Overview of Discussed Inflammasome Targeted Preclinical Studies

Compound	Target	Species and Model	Main Outcomes	First Author (Ref. #)
MCC950 (CRID3, CP-456,773)	Inhibition of ASC oligomerization	ApoE-/- mice, atherosclerosis	Inhibition of MΦ infiltration in plaque, expression of adhesion molecules, reduced atherosclerosis development	van der Heijden et al (69)
		Pig, MI	Reduced neutrophil infiltration and IL-1β, smaller infarct size, preserved cardiac function	van Hout et al (70)
16673-34-0	Unknown	ICR mice, I/R	Reduced caspase-1 activity in the heart, smaller infarct size	Marchetti et al (71)
		ICR mice: either I/R, permanent LAD occlusion, or doxorubicin-induced toxicity	Smaller infarct size, improved LVFS reduced cardiac troponin; less LV dilatation, improved LVFS; and reduced fibrosis, improved LVFS, respectively	Marchetti et al (72)
Bay-11-7082	Alkylation of cysteine in NLRP3 ATPase region, inhibition of kappa B kinase	Rat, I/R	Smaller infarct size preserved systolic function, reduced fibrosis and apoptosis	Kim et al (73)
Tranilast	NACHT domain of NLRP3, inhibits oligomerization	LDLr-/- and ApoE-/- mice, atherosclerosis	Reduced lesion size and MΦ content; increased collagen; reduced cardiac expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, and caspase-1	Chen et al (75)
VX-765	Caspase-1 inhibition	ApoE-/-mice, atherosclerosis	Inhibits vascular muscle cell pyroptosis and atherogenesis	Li et al (80)
		Sprague Dawley rat, Langendorff I/R	Smaller infarct size	Do Carmo et al (81)

ASC = apoptosis associated speck-like protein; ATPase = adenosine triphosphatase; ICR = Institute for Cancer Research; I/R = ischemia/reperfusion; IL = interleukin; LAD = left anterior descending aorta; LV = left ventricular; LVFS = left ventricular fractional shortening; MΦ = macrophages; MI = myocardial infarction; NLRP3 = NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3; NACHT = NAIP, CIITA, HET-E, and TP-1.