Table 2.

Outcomes in Patients Receiving Ceftazidime-Avibactam versus Intravenous Colistin

Outcome a	CAZ-AVI n = 149	IV Colistin n = 81	P value	Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Clinical cure	106 (71)	42 (52)	0.004	2.29 (1.31–4.01)
In-hospital mortality	52 (35)	36 (44)	0.156	0.67 (0.39–1.16)
Acute kidney injury	23 (15)	27 (33)	0.002	0.37 (0.19–0.69)
Risk	14	11	–	–
Injury	4	7	–	–
Failure	4	7	–	–
RRT	1	2	–	–
Microbiologic outcome b
Eradication	81 (67)	37 (55)	0.113	1.64 (0.89–3.03)
Persistence	40 (33)	30 (45)
Infection-related mortality	42 (28)	27 (33)	0.418	0.79 (0.44–1.41)
30-day readmission c	15 (16)	5 (11)	0.488
30-day readmission due to infection c	7 (7)	2 (4)	0.528
30-day recurrence c	10 (10)	5 (11)	0.885
90-day recurrence c	11 (11)	6 (13)	0.734
Length of hospital stay from onset of infection (days)	36 (20–60)	33 (20–72)	0.797
Length of ICU stay from onset of infection (days)d	17 (6–39)	14 (7–26)	0.109
Duration of mechanical ventilation (days)e	11 (5–22)	12 (5–24)	0.483

Notes: ^aData represented n (%) or median (IQR). ^bOnly included patients who had repeated cultures (n = 121 in ceftazidime-avibactam arm and 67 in colistin arm). ^cOnly included patients who survived (n = 97 in ceftazidime-avibactam arm and 45 in colistin arm). ^dIncluded only patients who were in the ICU at infection onset. ^eIncluded only patients who were mechanically ventilated during the infection episode.

Abbreviations: CAZ-AVI, ceftazidime-avibactam; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; RRT, renal replacement therapy.