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Nicotine increases the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, GSDMD and caspase-1 in 16HBE cells. 16HBE cells were treated with 0.1 or 1 µM nicotine for 48 h. (A) Protein expression levels of NLRP3, ASC and GSDMD were examined by western blotting. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n=3). ***P<0.001 vs. Control. (B) Caspase-1 expression was detected by immunofluorescence analysis (n=3). ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein; NLRP3, NOD-like receptor protein 3; GSDMD, gasdermin D.
