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Antibiofilm activities of indole derivatives against C. acnes. Screening of C. acnes biofilm formation in the presence of indole derivatives at 0.1 mM (a). Cell growths in the presence of indole (b), DIM (c), and indole-3-carbinol (d). Antibiofilm activities of indole (e), DIM (f), and indole-3-carbinol (g). Error bars indicate standard deviations. *, P < 0.05 versus nontreated controls.
