TABLE 1.

The description of the five physiographic regions in Nepal mentioning altitude, climate, and vegetation type

Physiographic regions	Characters
Terai	(below 500) m.a.s.l, covers, tropical and sub‐tropical climate, major forest: Shorea robusta, Acacia catechu, etc
Siwalik	(500–1000) m.a.s.l. sub‐tropical climate, major forest: Shorea robusta, Acacia catechu, Alnus nepalensis, etc
Middle mountain	(1000–3000) m.a.s.l. sub‐tropical climate at the bottom of the hills but gradually cooler, major forest: Alnus nepalensis; Castanopsis spp., Rhododendron spp
High mountain	3000 to 5000 m.a.s.l. cold temperate climate, major forest: Pinus spp., Rhododendron spp
High Himalayas	above 5000 m.a.s.l. alpine to tundra climate, Juniperus‐Rhododendron association, alpine scrub