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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 2.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Cancer. 2021 Jun 17;2(6):587–597. doi: 10.1038/s43018-021-00218-4

Figure 3. Proposed approaches to increase the therapeutic index of PI3K inhibitors.

Figure 3.

Several factors that may increase the therapeutic index of PI3K inhibitors are required to improve the clinical application of these agents. These include pharmacological strategies, such as careful consideration of dose and schedule; patient stratification allowing the identification of biomarkers and mediators of drug resistance; the effect of metabolism and diet, and the successful management of common toxicities such as hyperglycemia, GI problems, and rash among others. Similar to many other therapies, there are novel modalities to inhibit PI3K that need to be considered, which should overcome the current limitations of PI3K inhibitors in the clinic.