Table 1. The distribution of sociodemographic characteristics between intervention group and control group (n = 1,613).
| Characteristics | Control (n = 881) | Intervention (n = 732) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Educational degree | |||
| Primary school | 345 (52.35) | 314 (47.65) | 0.130a |
| Middle school | 536 (56.18) | 418 (43.82) | |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 438 (53.68) | 378 (46.32) | 0.440a |
| Female | 443 (55.58) | 354 (44.42) | |
| Only child | |||
| Yes | 165 (57.49) | 122 (42.51) | 0.280a |
| No | 716 (54.00) | 610 (46.00) | |
| Relationship between parents | |||
| Harmonious | 773 (56.34) | 599 (43.66) | 0.002a |
| Moderate | 86 (43.00) | 114 (57.00) | |
| Disharmonious | 22 (53.66) | 19 (46.34) | |
| Relationship with father | |||
| Harmonious | 751 (56.51) | 578 (43.49) | 0.004a |
| Moderate | 108 (45.96) | 127 (54.04) | |
| Disharmonious | 22 (44.90) | 27 (55.10) | |
| Relationship with mother | |||
| Harmonious | 776 (55.07) | 633 (44.93) | 0.610a |
| Moderate | 78 (50.98) | 75 (49.02) | |
| Disharmonious | 27 (52.94) | 24 (47.06) | |
| Father’s educational level | |||
| Middle school or lower | 579 (58.02) | 419 (41.98) | 0.001a |
| High/technical secondary school | 264 (48.00) | 286 (52.00) | |
| Junior college or higher | 38 (58.46) | 27 (41.54) | |
| Mother’s educational level | |||
| Middle school or lower | 578 (56.12) | 452 (43.88) | 0.280a |
| High/technical secondary school | 281 (51.94) | 260 (48.06) | |
| Junior college or higher | 22 (52.38) | 20 (47.62) | |
| Parenting style | |||
| Democracy | 648 (57.09) | 487 (42.91) | 0.001a |
| Autocratic | 132 (45.21) | 160 (54.79) | |
| Doting | 77 (58.78) | 54 (41.22) | |
| Disregardful | 24 (43.64) | 31 (56.36) | |
| Family economic status | |||
| Good | 287 (50.98) | 276 (49.02) | <0.001a |
| Moderate | 434 (52.93) | 386 (47.07) | |
| Bad | 160 (69.57) | 70 (30.43) | |
| Academic achievements | |||
| Good | 240 (53.93) | 205 (46.07) | 0.680a |
| Moderate | 442 (54.10) | 375 (45.90) | |
| Bad | 199 (56.70) | 152 (43.30) | |
| Number of close friends | |||
| ≤2 | 188 (52.22) | 172 (47.78) | 0.210a |
| 3–5 | 388 (57.14) | 291 (42.86) | |
| ≥6 | 305 (53.14) | 269 (46.86) | |
| Age | 12.67±1.71 | 12.27±1.60 | <0.001b |
a P values were calculated using the chi-square test.
b P values were calculated using the rank sum test.
Quantitative data were expressed by “mean ± standard deviation”, while qualitative data were expressed by “n (%)”.