Table 1. Characteristics of the children’s caregivers and children with fever in the four surveys.

Characteristics of the population	2008		2013		2016		2019		p-value
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
PARENTS
Age of mother (years)	1208		2823		1633		1464		0.03
15–24		28.7		27.1		33.5		28.0
25–34		47.3		47.7		45.6		47.5
≥35		24.0		25.2		20.9		24.5
Number of children	1208		2823		1633		1464		0.04
1–2		35.7		31.8		31.6		36.3
3–4		30.8		31.4		31.9		32.6
≥5		33.5		36.8		36.5		31.1
Mother’s education level	1208		2823		1633		1464		<0.001
None		72.5		68.3		59.4		52.5
Primary		13.9		14.7		15.1		18.1
Secondary or higher		13.6		17.0		25.5		29.4
Sex of the household head	1208		2823		1633		1464		0.06
Male		81.4		75.7		77.5		76.8
Female		18.6		24.3		22.5		23.2
Age of the household head(years)	1208		2823		1633		1464		0.76
15–24		2.8		3.8		3.2		3.6
25–34		22.9		23.7		21.5		22.6
≥35		74.3		72.4		75.2		73.8
Wealth index	1208		2823		1633		1464		0.95
Poorest		21.4		22.8		22.8		24.7
Poorer		21.4		21.1		23.0		21.2
Middle		21.2		20.4		21.8		20.6
Richer		18.8		20.0		19.0		19.1
Richest		17.2		15.6		13.4		14.4
Region	1208		2823		1633		1464		0.26
Eastern		18.1		22.1		24.5		26.0
Northern		45.1		41.7		37.8		31.5
Southern		20.2		23.5		24.9		24.2
Western		16.6		12.7		12.8		18.3
Place residence	1208		2823		1633		1464		0.07
Urban		27.5		27.1		35.1		34.7
Rural		72.5		72.9		64.9		65.3
Religion	1208		2823		1633		1464		<0.001
Muslim		79.5		84.3		74.6		81.2
Christians		19.2		15.4		25.2		18.8
Traditional/others		1.3		0.4		0.2		0
CHILDREN
Sex of the child	1208		2823		1633		1464		0.75
Male		51.4		49.4		50.1		50.1
Female		48.6		50.6		49.9		49.9
Age (months)	577		1371		1633		786		<0.001
< 12		27.8		21.7		20.5		20.0
12–35		48.2		45.7		45.1		48.0
36–59		23.9		32.5		34.4		32.0