Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics in Patients with Different Levels of Asthma Control
| Characteristic | All (n=200) | Insomnia (n=93) | No Insomnia (n=107) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51 ± 17 | 54 ± 16 | 47 ± 17 | 0.18 |
| Female | 135 (67) | 68 (73) | 67 (63) | 0.11 |
| Married | 146 (73) | 67 (72) | 79 (74) | 0.78 |
| Educated‡ | 176 (88) | 80 (86) | 96 (90) | 0.42 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 31 (9.6) | 32 (10) | 29 (8.8) | 0.50 |
| Ever smoked | 7 (3) | 3 (3) | 4 (4) | 0.84 |
| Coffee/tea intake | 3.0 ± 3.0 / 2.0 ± 1.8 | 3.6 ± 3.6 / 2.0 ± 1.9 | 2.6 ± 2.7 / 1.8 ± 1.7 | 0.18/ 0.15 |
| Sleep duration, hours* | 6 (2) | 5 (3) | 6 (2) | 0.01 |
| Comorbid conditions | ||||
| Allergic rhinitis | 96 (48) | 43 (46) | 53 (50) | 0.64 |
| GERD | 38 (19) | 12 (13) | 26 (24) | 0.04 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 71 (35) | 35 (38) | 36 (34) | 0.56 |
| Hypertension | 90 (45) | 51 (55) | 39 (36) | 0.01 |
| Asthma control test score | 17 ± 4.9 | 15 ± 4.4 | 19 ± 4.5 | 0.001 |
| FEV1, % predicted | 76 ± 19.3 | 83 ± 23.2 | 77 ± 22.7 | 0.32 |
| FVC, % predicted | 82 ± 22.6 | 83 ± 22.7 | 82 ± 20.7 | 0.34 |
| FEV1/FVC, % predicted | 77 ± 15.7 | 79 ± 12.9 | 77 ± 15.6 | 0.45 |
| ISI score | 10 ± 7.2 | 16 ± 4.5 | 4±2.9 | 0.001 |
Notes: Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or as a number (percentage) unless otherwise specified. *Median (interquartile range). ‡Educated: achieved more than primary school.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; ISI, Insomnia Severity Index.