Figure 1.

Effects of ropivacaine on cell proliferation and apoptosis of human HepG2 cells. (a) HepG2 cells incubated with different concentrations of ropivacaine (0.1 mM, 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM) for 48 h. Cell viability as determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay kit, **P < 0.01. (b)-(c) Cell growth was valued by the colony formation assay with different concentrations of ropivacaine (3.769 mM, 7.538 mM and 15.076 mM) treatment (B) and quantitative analysis as presented in the right (C), **P < 0.01. (d)-(e) After treating with 3.769 mM, 7.538 mM and 15.076 mM ropivacaine, cell apoptosis was conducted by flow cytometry using the Annexin V-EGF/PI cell apoptosis detection kit (D) and quantitative analysis as presented in the right (E), **P < 0.01. (f)-(g) Apoptosis-related proteins such as cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved PARP as detected by Western blotting (F) and quantitative analysis as presented in the right (G), **P < 0.01