Table 2.
Sl. No. | Region | Schedule of patient admission | Patient's description | Symptoms and image findings | Laboratory findings | Similarities with | Treatment | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Atlanta, Georgia | June 2020 | A 25-year-old woman | Exhaustion, dyspnea, mild cough and low-grade fevers, vomiting, sore throat, diarrhoea, slight hypotension (blood pressure 98/56 mmHg) and usual blood oxygen level in indoor air, cervical lymphadenopathy; notable conjunctival injection; red and cracked lips; left lower abdominal tremble. Echocardiogram: Enlarged inferior vena cava, cardiac dysfunction. CT of abdomen/pelvis: Stranding of peri-pancreatic fat; pancreatitis, indefinite bilateral perinephric fat stranding. |
Troponin-I was discovered at 0.06 ng/mL; high levels of creatinine (7.74 mg/dL), BNP (378 pg/ml), d-dimer (960 ng/ml), ferritin (798 ng/ml). | KD | To minimize the chances of thromboembolic and nephrotoxicity, IVIG (2 g/kg) was administered in uniform dosages on the second and third day of the hospital admission, along with aspirin (325 mg) for 7 days, and redeliver. | 9 |
2. | New York | May 2020 | An 11-year-old female | Initial: sore throat, uneasiness, low appetite, leg and abdominal pain, pruritus skin rash, fever (39.3 °C), tachycardia (126beats/minute), hypotension, slight dehydration, erythematous palm with a widespread reticular, non-blanching papular rash across the belly and bilateral upper extremities. Echocardiogram: Decreased systolic function of the left ventricle. Electrocardiogram: Showed sinus tachycardia and S1Q3T3 indicating strain on the right side of the heart. |
Uplifted levels of troponin (0.112 ng/mL) and BNP (8718 pg/mL). White blood cell count increased to 14.18 causing lymphopenia. PTT yielded an increased value of 1.9 along with the raised levels of IL-6 (0.0–15.5 pg/mL), ferritin (13.00–150.00 ng/mL), D-dimer (0–243 ng/mL, procalcitonin (0.00–0.50 ng/mL), CRP (0.10–2.80 mg/L) and normal level of creatinine (0.53–0.79 mg/dL). | TSS, septic shock, cytokine storm, KD, SHLH | Furosemide along with antibiotics like clindamycin, ceftaroline, and piperacillin-tazobactam was administered. Enoxaparin was started as a comprehensive anticoagulant. Vitamin K was employed to improve elevated INR and PT. An IL-6 blocker, tocilizumab, was progressed along with convalescent plasma therapy and remdesivir. | 45 |
3. | Not found | Not found | A 14-year-old boy | Fever, tachycardia and inflamed maculopapular rash on the face, abdominal sensitivity, as well as a perianal injurydischarging pus. A 28-cm ileitis, a 2.3-cm perianal pustule, and a fistula were diagnosed on magnetic resonance enterography. | Initially, tests revealed a normal ESR rate (0–5 mg/L) and normal levels of CRP (0–15 mm/h). Increased serum amounts of IL-6 (73.4 pg/mL), IL-8 (21.8 pg/mL), IL-1β (0.4 pg/mL), TNF-α (97.8 pg/mL) were noticed in the cytokine profile up to eight days of hospitalization, which later on declined till the tenth day on treatment with infliximab. | KD | Azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine were used for SARS-CoV-2 infection, intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam was used to cure perianal abscess, and enoxaparin was utilized for the prevention of venous thromboembolism, along with intravenous fluid therapy. | 51 |
4. | Kerala, India | April 2020 | A 5-year-old boy | Fever of high intensity, abdominal cramps and watery stools, pyuria, bulbar conjunctivitis without pus and non-pitting edema of the feet and hands, tachycardia (130 beats per min), vasoplegia. Echocardiogram: Comprehensive left ventricular hypokinesia with medium systolic dysfunction (EF = 35%) and myocarditis was discovered. Chest X-ray: Disclosed cardiomegaly. |
Inflammatory cytokines in blood serum-like CRP, ferritin, creatinine and liver enzymes were found to be upraised. The results of a complete blood count revealed neutrophilic leucocytosis. | KD | Pulmonary support using a high flow nasal cannula with a 2 L/kg flow rate was attempted, as well as inotropic support was provided with adrenaline; Ceftriaxone, an injectable antibiotic, immunoglobulins, diuretic drugs, enalapril and methylprednisolone pulse (30 mg/kg/d for 3 d), were some of the remedies. | 47 |