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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Dec 31;231:109258. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109258

Table 3.

Change in ACT-theory based processes from baseline to 3-months as mediators of the effect of treatment on the primary cessation outcomea,b

Change from baseline to 3-months
Mean (SD)
Mediator n Overall (N = 863) QuitGuide (n = 416) iCanQuit (n = 447) Point estimate for difference (95% CI) P value Estimate of mediation effect (95% CI)
Acceptance to internal cues to smoke Mean Acceptance Scorec 710 0.2 (0.6) 0.1 (0.5) 0.2 (0.6) 0.15 (0.08, 0.23) <0.001 0.27 (0.13, 0.45)*
Valued livingd Progress 726 −0.3 (8.3) −0.5 (8.4) −0.2 (8.2) −0.1 (−1.2, 0.9) 0.828 0.00 (−0.03, 0.02)
Obstruction 725 −0.4 (8.7) 0.1 (8.3) −0.9 (9.0) −0.9 (−2.0, 0.2) 0.104 0.00 (−0.03, 0.02)

Abbreviations: ACT, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy; PPA, point prevalence abstinence

a

All models include the following covariates: education (high school diploma or less), heavy smoking (>20 cigs/day), minority race or ethnicity and depression symptoms (CESD-2016).

b

All changes in acceptance scores calculated as follow-up minus baseline. Negative score indicates measure was higher at baseline.

c

Avoidance and Inflexibility Scale. Mean acceptance score includes the three subscales of acceptance, including acceptance of sensations, emotions, and thoughts that cue smoking. Range is −4 to 4. Positive scores indicate higher acceptance at follow-up.

d

Valuing Questionnaire. Range is −30 to 30. Positive scores indicate higher subscale scores at follow-up.

*

p<0.05.