Figure 1.

Longitudinal and cross-sectional patterns of remission, recovery, and persistence in the Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD

Note. Bar graphs indicate cross-sectional estimates for persistence, partial remission, and full remission; line graphs display longitudinal patterns by time point. We defined recovery as untreated full remission of ADHD that persisted for at least two consecutive assessments without being followed by an episode of recurrence (i.e., full remission continued until study endpoint). Therefore, the green line represents the percentage of participants who had experienced onset of recovery by the corresponding time point. Individuals were classified as displaying stable persistence if they demonstrated persistent ADHD for all assessments to date in the follow-up period. Therefore, the red line represents the percentage of participants who continued to demonstrate stable persistence at a given timepoint. Stable partial remission was defined as displaying one classification change from persistent ADHD to partial remission that maintained until study endpoint. Therefore, the yellow line represents the percentage of participants who had experienced onset of stable partial remission by the corresponding time point. A fluctuating pattern indicated at least two changes to cross-sectional classification since baseline diagnosis of ADHD, in the absence of the recovery pattern. Therefore, the blue line represents the percentage of participants who meet criteria for fluctuating status at a given time point (which precludes also meeting criteria for recovery at any future time point).