Table 3.
Predictors of Resource Use Six Months After Pediatric Intensive Care Unity (PICU) Discharge (n = 958)
| Covariates | In home healthcare OR (95% CI) | Number of active healthcare providers β (95% CI) | New medical equipment OR (95% CI) | Number of prescribed medications β (95% CI) | ED visit OR (95% CI) | Readmission OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income quartiles (ref = High) | ||||||
| Low | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) | −0.4* (−0.6, −0.1) | 0.4** (0.3, 0.7) | −0.2 (−0.5, 0.1) | 1.5* (1.1, 2.2) | 1.4 (0.8, 2.4) |
| Low Middle | 0.8 (0.5, 1.3) | −0.4* (−0.6, −0.1) | 0.5* (0.3, 0.8) | −0.2 (−0.6, 0.1) | 1.5* (1.1, 2.1) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.2) |
| High Middle | 0.8 (0.5, 1.2) | −0.03 (−0.3, 0.3) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.04 (−0.3, 0.4) | 1.5* (1.1, 2.1) | 1.7* (1.1, 2.4) |
| Age (ref = 2wk to <1yr) | ||||||
| 1yr to <3yr | 0.9 (0.5, 1.7) | 0.03 (−0.3, 0.3) | 0.4** (0.3, 0.7) | −0.2 (−0.6, 0.2) | 0.6* (0.4, 0.9) | 0.6* (0.4, 0.8) |
| 3yr to <6yr | 0.2** (0.1, 0.4) | −0.1 (−0.5, 0.3) | 0.4** (0.3, 0.6) | −0.1 (−0.6, 0.4) | 0.5* (0.3, 0.9) | 0.4** (0.2, 0.6) |
| 6yr to <18yr | 0.4** (0.2, 0.6) | −0.1 (−0.4, 0.1) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | 0.4* (0.1, 0.8) | 0.5** (0.3, 0.7) | 0.4** (0.2, 0.6) |
| Preexisting condition | 1.9** (1.4, 2.6) | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.4) | 0.4 ** (0.3, 0.6) | 1.5* (1.2, 1.8) | 1.4 (0.98, 2.0) | 2.6** (1.7, 3.9) |
| PARDS on day 0/1a (ref = at risk/mild) | ||||||
| Moderate | 0.8 (0.5, 1.1) | 0.01 (−0.4, 0.4) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.1) | 0.1 (−0.2, 0.5) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) |
| Severe | 0.8 (0.5, 1.1) | −0.1 (−0.4, 0.2) | 0.6* (0.4, 0.9) | 0.1 (−0.3, 0.5) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.2) |
| Organ system dysfunctionb | 1.04 (0.9, 1.2) | 0.1* (0.01, 0.2) | 1.1 (0.99, 1.3) | 0.07 (−0.1, 0.2) | 1.1 (0.95, 1.3) | 1.2 (0.98, 1.4) |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation, per day | 1.05** (1.03, 1.1) | 0.03** (0.01, 0.05) | 1.04** (1.02, 1.1) | 0.03 (−0.001, 0.1) | 1.003 (0.99, 1.03) | 1.02* (0.99, 1.05) |
| Functional status at discharge (ref = age-appropriate) | ||||||
| Mild disability | 3.8** (2.4, 6.2) | 0.9** (0.5, 1.4) | 0.6 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.9** (0.4, 1.3) | 1.3 (0.9, 2.0) | 1.6* (1.1, 2.5) |
| Moderate disability | 4.5** (2.6, 7.7) | 1.7** (1.2, 2.3) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.0) | 1.1** (0.6, 1.7) | 2.6** (1.6, 4.2) | 2.0* (1.1, 3.5) |
| Severe disability or vegetative state | 7.6** (4.0, 14.2) | 1.5** (1.2, 1.8) | 1.1 (0.6, 1.8) | 2.2** (1.7, 2.7) | 1.3 (0.9, 2.0) | 2.7** (1.7, 4.2) |
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; PARDS, pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.
*
P < .05
**
P < .001
a
PARDS severity was defined using the 2015 Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC) criteria. (33)
b
Organ system dysfunction was measured continuously; every subject had respiratory dysfunction and dysfunction in up to five additional organ systems. (34)