Table 1.
Participant Characteristics
| Respondents (N=25) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | Mean | SD | |
| Years in practice: | ||||
| <5 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| 5–10 | 4 | 16 | - | - |
| 11–15 | 5 | 20 | - | - |
| 16–20 | 7 | 28 | - | - |
| >20 | 9 | 36 | - | - |
| Burnout*: | ||||
| Low emotional exhaustion | 10 | 40 | - | - |
| High emotional exhaustion | 14 | 56 | - | - |
| Low depersonalization | 19 | 76 | - | - |
| High depersonalization | 5 | 20 | - | - |
| Engagement | ||||
| Utrecht work engagement scale | 24 | 96 | 38.9 | 6.5 |
| Trust among colleagues†: | ||||
| Low trust | 14 | 56 | - | - |
| High trust | 10 | 40 | - | - |
| Connection‡ | ||||
| Low sense of connection/community | 12 | 48 | - | - |
| High sense of connection/community | 12 | 48 | - | - |
| Biomarkers: | ||||
| Salivary cortisol (μg/dL) | 21 | 84 | 0.056 | 0.027 |
| Hair cortisol (time 1) (pg/mg) | 16 | 64 | 8.14 | 13.35 |
| Hair cortisol (time 2) (pg/mg) | 20 | 80 | 24.8 | 30.14 |
| Urinary oxytocin (pg/mg/creatinine) | 22 | 88 | 24.98 | 34.97 |
*Participants indicating that they experienced symptoms at least weekly were considered to meet the criteria for high EE or high DP5
†Responses for trust were reduced to high trust (strongly agree) and low trust (moderately agree, slightly agree, slightly disagree, moderately disagree, strongly disagree)
‡Responses for connection were reduced to high sense of connection (strongly/moderately agree) and low sense of connection (slightly agree, slightly disagree, moderately disagree, strongly disagree)