Table 1.
Comparison of the baseline characteristics and neuropsychological scores between unmatched and propensity score-matched groups.
| Unmatched | P value | Matched | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated | Treated | Untreated | Treated | |||
| (n=538) | (n=309) | (n = 304) | (n = 304) | |||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 60.3 ± 13.4 | 61.1 ± 12.5 | 0.548 | 61.2 ± 14.1 | 61.1 ± 12.5 | 0.932 |
| Male, n (%) | 406 (75.5) | 208 (67.3) | 0.011 | 204 (67.1) | 207 (68.1) | 0.664 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 24.72 ± 3.08 | 24.75 ± 3.27 | 0.900 | 24.69 ± 3.21 | 24.75 ± 3.28 | 0.815 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 388 (72.1) | 236 (76.4) | 0.176 | 227 (74.7) | 232 (76.3) | 0.637 |
| DM, n (%) | 191 (35.5) | 93 (30.1) | 0.109 | 98 (32.2) | 92 (30.3) | 0.600 |
| Hyperlipemia, n (%) | 108 (20.1) | 81 (26.2) | 0.039 | 60 (19.7) | 69 (22.7) | 0.372 |
| CHD, n (%) | 50 (9.3) | 34 (11.0) | 0.423 | 28 (9.2) | 32 (10.5) | 0.586 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 189 (35.1) | 102 (33.0) | 0.532 | 104 (34.2) | 102 (33.6) | 0.864 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 125 (23.2) | 79 (25.6) | 0.445 | 73 (24.0) | 77 (25.3) | 0.707 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 159 (29.6) | 73 (23.6) | 0.063 | 66 (21.7) | 72 (23.7) | 0.561 |
| TOAST, n (%) | 0.733 | 0.708 | ||||
| LAA | 216 (40.1) | 124 (40.1) | 117 (38.5) | 123 (40.5) | ||
| SAD | 210 (39.0) | 127 (41.1) | 122 (40.1) | 124 (40.8) | ||
| Othersa | 112 (20.8) | 58 (18.8) | 65 (21.4) | 57 (18.8) | ||
| NIHSS, median (IQR) | 2 (1–6) | 2 (0–4) | 0.336 | 2 (1–7) | 2 (0–5) | 0.099 |
| mRS, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 0.927 | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 0.521 |
| HAMD, median (IQR) | 3 (1–5) | 8 (2–14) | <0.001 | 3 (1–5) | 8 (2–14) | <0.001 |
| HAMA, median (IQR) | 2 (0–5) | 4 (1–9) | <0.001 | 2 (0–5) | 4 (1–9) | <0.001 |
| LUBBEN, median (IQR) | 32 (23–40) | 32 (24–38) | 0.184 | 32 (19–40) | 32 (24–37) | 0.249 |
| PSD, n (%) | 70 (13.0) | 179 (57.9) | <0.001 | 42 (13.8) | 177 (58.2) | <0.001 |
| 24 month-PSF, n (%) | 134 (24.9) | 73 (23.6) | 0.676 | 77 (25.3) | 71 (23.4) | 0.772 |
| Time course of PSF, n (%) | 0.154 | 0.076 | ||||
| Non-PSF | 281 (52.2) | 150 (48.5) | 161 (53.0) | 147 (48.4) | ||
| Incident PSF | 46 (8.6) | 17 (5.5) | 28 (9.2) | 16 (5.3) | ||
| Recovered PSF | 123 (22.9) | 86 (27.8) | 66 (21.7) | 86 (28.3) | ||
| Persistent PSF | 88 (16.4) | 56 (18.1) | 49 (16.1) | 55 (18.1) | ||
BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; IQR, interquartile range; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, NIH Stroke Scale; PSD, poststroke depression; PSF, poststroke fatigue; SAD, small artery occlusion; SD, standard deviation; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.
Others, cardioembolism, stroke of other determined cause, and stroke of undetermined cause.
Variables used for calculating the propensity score (PS) included age, sex, BMI, hypertension, DM, hyperlipemia, AF, smoking, drinking, previous stroke and TOAST classification.