Box 1.

The respective conceptualisations of health, public health, and digital health.

Term	Definition
Health	Health is defined as "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" by the constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO).15
Public Health	Public health is conceptualised as "the art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organised efforts of society" by Acheson in 1988.16
Digital Health	Digital health is framed as the "the convergence of the digital and genomic revolutions with health, health care, living, and society" by Paul Sonnier in his 2017 book The Fourth Wave: Digital Health.17 Digital health, as a concept, can refer to a technology, a user experience, a service, a product, a process, an ecological system of itself, and part of the ecological system of health services.12