Table 4.
Association Between Pain and Dysfunction With SFMA Movement Testing
| SFMA Movements | Injured∗ | Not Injured∗ | OR (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Back bending | 85 (50.0) | 154 (55.2) | 0.81 (0.55-1.19) | .330 |
| 51 (30.0) | 74 (26.5) | 1.19 (0.78, 1.81) | .448 | |
| Cervical extension | 78 (45.9) | 131 (47.0) | 0.96 (0.65-1.40) | .846 |
| 16 (9.4) | 26 (9.3) | 1.01 (0.53, 1.95) | 1.000 | |
| Cervical flexion | 63 (37.1) | 114 (40.9) | 0.85 (0.58-1.26) | .428 |
| 5 (2.9) | 7 (2.5) | 1.18 (0.37-3.77) | .771 | |
| Cervical rotation | 108 (63.5) | 185 (66.3) | 0.89 (0.59-1.32) | .610 |
| 2 (1.2) | 6 (2.2) | 0.54 (0.1-2.72) | .716 | |
| Forward bending | 134 (78.8) | 223 (79.9) | 0.94 (0.58-1.50) | .810 |
| 9 (5.3) | 9 (3.2) | 1.68 (0.65-4.31) | .324 | |
| Overhead squat | 131 (77.1) | 236 (84.6) | 0.61 (0.38, 0.99) | .058 |
| 28 (16.5) | 30 (10.8) | 1.64 (0.94-2.85) | .084 | |
| Single leg stance | 132 (77.6) | 209 (74.9) | 1.16 (0.74-1.83) | .570 |
| 6 (3.5) | 8 (2.9) | 1.24 (0.42-3.64) | .782 | |
| Trunk rotation | 139 (81.8) | 221 (79.2) | 1.18 (0.73-1.91) | .544 |
| 11 (6.5) | 11 (3.9) | 1.69 (0.71-3.98) | .262 | |
| Upper-extremity pattern (LRF) | 94 (55.3) | 172 (61.6) | 0.77 (0.52-1.13) | .199 |
| 20 (11.8) | 27 (9.7) | 1.24 (0.67-2.30) | .526 | |
| Upper-extremity pattern (MRE) | 103 (60.6) | 180 (64.5) | 0.85 (0.57-1.25) | .421 |
| 19 (11.2) | 21 (7.5) | 1.55 (0.81-2.97) | .232 | |
| Asymmetry | ||||
| Cervical rotation | 48 (28.2) | 66 (23.7) | 1.27 (0.82-1.96) | .315 |
| Single-leg stance | 72 (42.4) | 121 (43.4) | 0.96 (0.65-1.41) | .845 |
| Trunk rotation | 80 (47.1) | 135 (48.4) | 0.95 (0.65-1.39) | .846 |
| Upper-extremity pattern 1 (LRF) | 24 (14.1) | 60 (21.5) | 0.60 (0.36-1.01) | .061 |
| Upper-extremity pattern 2 (MRE) | 57 (33.5) | 97 (34.8) | 0.95 (0.63-1.42) | .838 |
| SFMA any pain present | 86 (50.6) | 112 (40.1) | 1.53 (1.04, 2.24) | .032 |
| SFMA any dysfunction present | 170 (100) | 278 (99.6) | – | 1.000 |
NOTE. First value represents individuals with a dysfunctional pattern and no pain; second value represents individuals with painful movement (with or without dysfunction). All values represent n (% within group). Bold values represent significance at the P < .05 level.
CI, confidence interval; LRF, lateral rotation and flexion; MRE, medial rotation and extension; OR, odds ratio; SFMA, Selective Functional Movement Assessment.
∗
Future injury status after being cleared to return to fully duty.