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. 2022 Jan 31;24(1):e32368. doi: 10.2196/32368

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©Johan H Vlake, Jasper van Bommel, Evert-Jan Wils, Joe Bienvenu, Merel E Hellemons, Tim IM Korevaar, Anna FC Schut, Joost AM Labout, Lois LH Schreuder, Marten P van Bavel, Diederik Gommers, Michel E van Genderen. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 31.01.2022.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Quality of life outcomes. Boxplots of the overall quality of life (A), perceived health state (B), mental quality of life (C), and physical quality of life (D). Overall quality of life was expressed as the EQ-5D TTO score, the perceived health state as the EQ-5D VAS score, and the mental and physical quality of life as the mental and physical component scales of the SF-36, respectively. Differences between randomization groups at each follow-up time point and between follow-up time points (p, Time) and throughout the follow-up (p, Randomization) were analyzed using mixed-effects linear (severity) or logistic (prevalence) regression models. EQ-5D: European Quality of Life, 5 dimensions, ICU-VR: intensive care unit–virtual reality, MCS-36: Mental Component Summary, 36 items, PCS-36: Physical Component Summary, 36 items, TTO: trade time-off, VAS: visual analog scale.