Comparison 2. Single anticonvulsant versus placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Dropout	19		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
1.1 Carbamazepine vs placebo	6	464	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.99 [0.87, 1.13]
1.2 Tiagabine vs placebo	3	213	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.01 [0.56, 1.82]
1.3 Gabapentin vs placebo	2	62	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.78 [0.67, 11.61]
1.4 Phenytoin vs placebo	1	44	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.93 [0.65, 1.35]
1.5 Lamotrigine vs placebo	1	23	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.07 [0.11, 10.04]
1.6 Topiramate vs placebo	4	557	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.92 [0.73, 1.16]
1.7 Vigabatrin vs placebo	2	289	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.74 [0.53, 1.02]
2 Use of cocaine (self reported or objective)	12		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
2.1 Carbamazepine vs placebo	4	214	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.95 [0.70, 1.28]
2.2 Tiagabine vs placebo	1	50	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.89 [0.61, 1.30]
2.3 Gabapentin vs placebo	2	146	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.07 [0.87, 1.31]
2.4 Phenytoin vs placebo	1	12	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.05, 2.37]
2.5 Topiramate vs placebo	2	210	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.19 [0.48, 2.98]
2.6 Vigabatrin vs placebo	2	289	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.88 [0.69, 1.13]
3 Side effects	7		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
3.1 Carbamazepine vs placebo	2	122	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.21 [0.52, 2.86]
3.2 Tiagabine vs placebo	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.3 Gabapentin vs placebo	1	95	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.94 [0.62, 13.83]
3.4 Phenytoin vs placebo	1	44	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.65 [0.83, 3.29]
3.5 Topiramate vs placebo	2	216	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.42 [0.27, 21.87]
3.6 Vigabatrin vs placebo	1	186	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.97 [0.88, 1.08]