TABLE 1.
The Characteristics of Included Studies
| References | Country | Design | Sample (male) | Age, years (CDS/HGS) | Etiology | Duodenal Invasion | Type of Stent | Follow-up | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Artifon et al21 | Brazil | RCT | 49 (22) | 65.77 (15.7) | NR | 22 | PCSEMS | 90 d | Low |
| 66.25 (14.2) | |||||||||
| Amano et al20 | Japan | Prospective | 20 (11) | 73 (45-93) | Pancreatic cancer/bile duct cancer/lung cancer/gastric cancer | 17 | FCSEMS | NR | NOS-7 |
| PCSEMS | |||||||||
| Cho et al22 | Korea | Prospective | 54 (29) | 64 (29-86) | pancreatic cancer/metastatic cancer/neuroendocrine tumor/cholangiocarcinoma/gall bladder cancer/others | 21 | PCSEMS | 148.5 d (IQR: 79.7-244 d) | NOS-7 |
| 66.3 (44-82) | |||||||||
| Guo et al30 | China | Retrospective | 21 (15) | 67 (41-79) | NA | NR | FCSEMS | 13 mo (range: 3-21 months) | NOS-6 |
| Kawakubo et al31 | Japan | Retrospective | 64 (35) | 72 (66-79) | pancreatic cancer/bile duct cancer/gallbladder cancer/ampullary cancer/metastatic lymph nodes/previous biliary drainage | NR | FCSEMS | 103(17-1593)/71 (9-262) | NOS-5 |
| Plastic stent | |||||||||
| Khashab et al32 | United States | Retrospective | 121 (70) | 67.6 (13) | NR | NR | NR | 152.2±176.7/151.1±141.1 | NOS-5 |
| 63.6 (13.8) | |||||||||
| Kim et al33 | Korea | Retrospective | 13 (9) | 69.67 (8.35) | Common bile duct cancer/pancreatic cancer/Klatskin’s tumor/intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma | 2 | FCSEMS | Median: 5 months (1-12 months) | NOS-5 |
| 67 (11.17) | |||||||||
| Minaga et al23 | Japan | Retrospective | 47 (25) | 73 (41-83) | Pancreatobiliary cancer/others | 18 | FCSEMS | NR | NOS-6 |
| 72.5 (46-88) | |||||||||
| Ogura et al34 | Japan | Retrospective | 39 (21) | 71 (10.7) | Pancreaticobiliary cancer/other | 39 | FCSEMS | NR | NOS-6 |
| 70 (8.1) | |||||||||
| Park et al35 | Korea | Prospective | 32 (NR) | NA | Pancreatic cancer/hilar cholangiocarcinoma/others | NR | FCSEMS | Mean, 120 d | NOS-7 |
| Poincloux et al36 | France | Retrospective | 96 (NR) | 72.2 (10.3) | Pancreatic tumors/cholangiocarcinomas/ampulla of Vater cancers/gallbladder carcinomas/other | 25 | FCSEMS | 280 d (3-775 d) | NOS-6 |
| 69.4 (13.8) | |||||||||
| Prachayakul and Aswakul37 | Thailand | Retrospective | 21 (10) | 62.8 (46-84) | Pancreatic cancer/cholangiocarcinoma/gallbladder cancer/others | NR | FCSEMS | NR | NOS-5 |
| Tyberg et al24 | United States | Retrospective | 182 (103) | 69.7 (12.8) | Benign/malignant | NR | NR | 6 mo, 5.6 mo | NOS-5 |
| 69.9 (12.7) |
CDS indicates choledochoduodenostomy; FCSEMS, fully covered self-expandable metallic stent; HGS, hepaticogastrostomy; IQR, interquartile range; NR, not report; PCSEMS, partially covered self-expandable metal stent; RCT, randomized controlled trial.