Table 2.

Study characteristics.

	Study	Study design	Age (years)	Treatment/day	Control	Arms	Duration of treatment (Weeks)	Sample size		Total follow-up time
								Therapy	Control
2004	Cavallini et al. (2004)	RCT	27–40	2 g LC + 1 g LAC	Placebo	3	24	39	47	9 months
2004	Lenzi et al. (2004)	RCT	20–40	2 g LC + 1 g LAC	Placebo	2	24	30	26	8 months
2005	Balercia et al. (2005)	RCT	24–38	2 g LC + 1 g LAC (n = 14) vs 3 g LC (n = 15) vs 3 g LAC (n = 15)	Placebo	4	24	44	15	9 months
2006	Sigman et al. (2006)	RCT	36.2 ± 1.7	2 g LC + 1 g LAC	Placebo	2	16	12	9	6 months
2010	Dimitriadis et al. (2010)	RCT	NR	1 g LC	No TT	4	12	26	22	13 weeks (6 days after the experimental period)
2014	Mehni et al. (2014)	RCT	25–40	1 g LC	Placebo	4	12	51	59	3 months
2015	Haje & Naoom (2015)	RCT	37.54 ± 2.46	1 g LC	Placebo	4	12–24	20	29	4–7 months (as two samples were taken after treatment – 1 month apart)
2018	Tsounapi et al. (2018)	RCT	NR	1 g LC	No TT	5	12.8	44	42	Experimental period of 90 days; up to 180 days for pregnancy rate

NR, Not reported; TT, treatment.