Table 6. Robustness checks.

	Placebo test		Alternative pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors		Sample with shorter birth cohort span
	Pro-environmental attitudes	Pro-environmental behaviors	Pro-environmental attitudes	Pro-environmental behaviors	Pro-environmental attitudes	Pro-environmental behaviors
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Education	0.146	0.145	0.043**	0.042**	0.022**	0.009**
	(1.104)	(0.108)	(0.017)	(0.018)	(0.008)	(0.004)
Controls	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Observations	3,337	3,542	3,456	3,661	2,403	2,511
First-stage estimation
CSL	1.052	1.052	2.937***	3.141***	1.794***	1.841***
	(0.693)	(0.693)	(0.258)	(0.262)	(0.283)	(0.273)
F-statistics	2.31	2.31	129.41	143.44	40.07	45.31

Note: The table reports the estimates from three robustness checks. 2SLS models are used for estimation. In columns (1)-(2), two placebo tests are conducted based on the assumption that the CSL had been implemented five years earlier than the actual implementation year of each province. In columns (3)-(4), alternative pro-environmental attitudes and pro-environmental behaviors obtained from factor analysis are used as the dependent variables. In columns (5)-(6), the sample is restricted to individuals born less than 16 year earlier than the first CSL-affected cohort. All regressions have the same controls as in column (2) of Table 3, but their coefficients are suppressed for brevity. Robust standard errors are clustered at the cohort-city level and are reported in parentheses. ***, ** and * indicate 1%, 5% and 10% significance levels, respectively.